Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is NASA JPL Software Engineer Melissa Soriano describes the third potential target for Scientist for a Day contestants: Pluto's moon Charon. Discover the cosmos! featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer. The Dragon capsule, meanwhile, previously flew three missions: Demo-2 in 2020, Crew-2 in 2021, and Axiom's private Ax-1 mission last year. the most distant Full Moon in December. The Orion Nebula is an enormous cloud of gas and dust where thousands of stars are being born. Deborah Byrd created the EarthSky radio series in 1991 and founded EarthSky.org in 1994. Robert Nemiroff setTimeout(function(){ He was 89-1/2 years old. $full.find('iframe').css({'height': h, 'width': w, 'min-width': '', 'max-width': ''}) in their own right and satellites of the mighty Milky Way. Hubble has recently been joined in the skies by an even more powerful space telescope the 7.4 billion James Webb Space Telescope, which reached its final destination, a million miles from Earth, last month. But its brightness in our skies varies, depending on how far it is from Earth and on its phase. We know what the Red Planet looks like from the outside but what's going on under the surface of Mars? flanked by bright galaxies and southern celestial gems. The solar-powered lander has run out of energy after more than four years of science on the Red Planet. NASA Official: Phillip Newman Were excited to be on this journey to #UnfoldTheUniverse with you., Alexandra Lockwood, project scientist for Webb science communications, Space Telescope Science Institute. So why send Webb to orbit Sun-Earth L2? To view any and every point in the sky over the course of time requires merely waiting a few months to travel farther around the Sun and reveal more of the sky that was previously behind the Sun. NationalAeronautics and SpaceAdministration, Webb Sunshield Tensioning To Begin Tomorrow, Webb Observes a Globular Cluster Sparkling with Separate Stars, Breaking the Tracking Speed Limit With Webb, Webb Spies Chariklo Ring System With High-Precision Technique, Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph Operations Update. Driving around today, the song Book On The Shelf came on, and this verse (particularly the third line, and I changed the fifth line) just shouted the JWST team to me. var $full = $('.webgl_module_container.full'); After the last wing deployment, more than one person made comments like, it seemed so simple; did we overstate the complexity and difficulty of the deployments? The perfection of the deployment execution and the subsequent activities reflects directly on how hard everyone worked and the diligence and sacrifice it took on the part so many people. Eleven years in the life of the Sun, spanning most of solar cycle 23. Scripts sent from the Mission Operations Center will direct this process under human supervision, slowly and steadily moving one actuator at a time, taking turns between segments. ASD at You'd have to go back four years, to March of 2018, to find twilight skies with no bright planets. Eta Carinae and the reddish glow of the Great Carina Nebula shine along A daily update by email. $('body').css('overflow','hidden') Contact Jamie Groh at JGroh@floridatoday.com. Bob King pointed out at Skyandtelescope.com, See more Comet Leonard photos at EarthSky Community Photos. (Imagine Webb holding its mirrors tucked up close to its telescope structure, keeping them extra safe during the vibrations and accelerations of launch.) The animation archived on this page shows the geocentric phase, libration, position angle of the axis, and apparent diameter of the Moon throughout the year 2017, at hourly intervals. Older people walking less than 2,000 steps a day at higher risk of heart attack, Hubble Space Telescope took on your birthday. Gamma Crucis, a yellowish giant star } Donald Richardson passed away on January 28, 2022, in his sleep, at home in Indianapolis. Turns out Venus is brightest not when it's closest to Earth, but when it's almost at its closest and still shows us a large, bright crescent phase. After revealing a trove of details about the moons Ganymede and Europa, the mission to Jupiter is setting its sights on sister moon Io. Follow her onTwitter at @AlteredJamie. depending on its function receiveMessage(event){ Im so damn lucky to have an all-star crew By Thaddeus Cesari, Webb science writer, NASAs Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. That way is both simpler (in terms of the complexity of the control electronics) and safer (since computers and sensors can closely monitor each individual actuator as it works). The novelty and variety of science that this observatory can produce requires thousands of things to be checked ahead of time. Every Full Moon of 2021 shines in this year-spanning astrophoto project, Venus is the brightest of all the planets in our solar system because of the highly reflective clouds that completely cover its globe. NASA's Dawn mission will be the first to explore a dwarf planet on March 6, 2015. That event, called solar conjunction, took place back in October. Dr. Nicola Fox will serve as the associate administrator for the agencys Science Mission Directorate. Getting there is going to take some patience: The computer-controlled mirror actuators are designed for extremely small motions measured in nanometers. I know Im so privileged to work with the best and And that means the first week of the month is ideal for stargazing because the few days before and after the new moon are the darkest. Simply enter your month and date of birth when prompted, and . Eddie Irizarry of the Sociedad de Astronoma del Caribe (Astronomical Society of the Caribbean) has been a NASA Solar System Ambassador since 2004. January begins with a new moon on the 2nd. Taken by Dan Bush on Dec 28, 2021 Albany, Missouri, USA. 2022 January 22: The Full Moon and the Dancer 2022 January 21: Young Star Jet MHO 2147 2022 January 20: NGC 7822 in Cepheus 2022 January 19: M31: The Andromeda Galaxy 2022 January 18: From Orion to the Southern Cross 2022 January 17: Chamaeleon Dark Nebulas 2022 January 16: A Retreating Thunderstorm at Sunset 2022 January 15: Galileo's Europa Karen Richon, Webbs Flight Dynamics lead engineer, describes getting Webb to L2 and keeping it there: Think about throwing a ball straight up in the air, as hard as you can; it starts out very fast, but slows down as gravity pulls it back towards Earth, eventually stopping at its peak and then returning to the ground. Du kan ndre dine valg nr som helst ved at klikke p linkene til Privatlivspanelet p vores websites og i vores apps. And that means the first week of the month is ideal for stargazing, because the few days before and after the new moon are the darkest. New year, new Moon; midnight meteors; and Mars rises. This is just the first step; HD 84406 will be too bright to study with Webb once the telescope starts to come into focus. Jupiter's Great Red Spot, seen here in an amazing mosaic composite image from artist and filmmaker Michael Benson, is a massive cyclone about twice the size of Earth. The timeline will . $(window).resize(function(){ That deployment is still expected to take place over at least two days. With about two minutes left on the . What's Up for February? Asteroid 33012EddieIrizarry, a 7.8 km space rock, has been named in his honor. NASA's Ingenuity Mars Helicopter will make history's first attempt at powered flight on another planet. NASA Official: Phillip Newman near an apogee, Specific rights apply. The dashboard displays the date of closest approach, approximate object diameter, relative size and distance from Earth for each encounter. Jerry Bonnell (UMCP) southern cross, Alpha Crucis, points toward the South Celestial Pole, Going fast! But for now, it is the perfect target to begin our search for photons, a search that will lead us to the distant universe. function receiveMessage(event){ As folks on Webb know, Im a pretty big Jimmy Buffett fan (understatement Im a parrot head). Winds around Jupiter's Great Red Spot are simulated in this JunoCam view that has been animated using a model of the winds there. During the days that were slowly deploying the mirrors, those mirrors are also continuing to slowly cool off as they radiate heat away into the cold of space. At Sun-Earth L2, the Sun and Earth (and Moon, too) are always on one side of space, allowing Webb to keep its telescope optics and instruments perpetually shaded. Stay up to date with all of NASA's missions to explore the solar system and beyond at nasa.gov. $('.webgl_module_container').toggleClass('full') function toggleFullscreenMessage(){ This is the last of the major deployments on the observatory, and its completion will set the stage for the remaining five and a half months of commissioning, which consist of settling into stable operating temperature, aligning the mirrors, and calibrating the science instruments. In fact, Webbs orbit around L2 is larger in size than the Moons orbit around Earth! CNN . Published: December 30, 2021. Discover the cosmos! if($full.length > 0){ Thomas Valdez tells how his early penchant for tinkering with things followed a path that led him to a career as a research engineer. This mid-course correction burn inserted Webb toward its final orbit around the second Sun-Earth Lagrange point, or L2, nearly 1 million miles away from the Earth. With major deployments complete, Webb continues its journey to its final halo orbit around L2. What's Up for February? var $full = $('.webgl_module_container.full'); (MTU) & images all combined at the same pixel scale. Unlike the ball, Webb wouldnt return to the Earths surface, but would be in an extremely elliptical orbit, with a perigee altitude of 300 kilometers and an apogee altitude of 1,300,000 kilometers. The average distance between Earth and the moon is about 239,000 . The Ka-band provides a much higher data rate than the S-band that Webb has been using for communications up until now. during 2021's two lunar eclipses. Nature provides us with sky events seen once in a lifetime, Comet Leonard is one of these. if(event.data == "toggle_fullscreen"){ So keep watching the comet this week! Comets are typically brightest around perihelion, and the comet has been brightening and is still getting brighter. For the best Quadrantid meteor viewing, find a dark location away from bright city lights, point your feet roughly toward the northeast, and look up. setTimeout(function(){ We are now on the verge of aligning the mirrors, instrument activation and commissioning, and the start of wondrous and astonishing discoveries.. Sound waves from the nascent universe, called baryon acoustic oscillations (BAOs), left their imprint on the cosmos by influencing galaxy distribution. Were one step closer to uncovering the mysteries of the universe. ET on December 17 (02:08 UTC on December 18). Bottom line: Comet Leonard (C/2021 A1) discovered on January 3, 2021 is heading inward toward its January 3, 2022, perihelion. The APOD, also known as Astronomy Picture of the Day Calendar is a website provided by NASA and Michigan Technological University and was launched in 1995. Dr. Nicola Fox will serve as the associate administrator for the agencys Science Mission Directorate. } What's Up for January? Comet Leonard swept closest to Earth on December 12, 2021, passing some 21 million miles (34 million km) away. $('.webgl_module_container iframe').css({'height': "", 'width': '1px', 'max-width': '100%', 'min-width': '100%'}) This year the peak coincides with the new moon, making for great viewing conditions, provided the skies are clear. & Michigan Tech. Yes, if youre a careful observer and willing to spend some time. The comet might be glimpsed with the eye alone, the tricky thing will be to catch it at just the right time after sunset, not too early (when bright twilight will wash it out) and not too late (when it will have set). latest news, feel-good stories, analysis and more, Scientists find hidden corridor in 4,500-year-old Great Pyramid of Giza, New disease caused by plastic found in birds for the first time, Stadium-sized asteroid to come within 2,000,000 kms of Earth. They make great gifts. After revealing a trove of details about the moons Ganymede and Europa, the mission to Jupiter is setting its sights on sister moon Io. Note that it is simpler, easier, and more efficient to orbit around L2 than to dwell precisely at L2. When NASAs Perseverance rover travels to Mars to search for signs of life, its important that the spacecraft doesnt bring along any Earth bacteria. Comet Leonard will round the sun at perihelion on January 3, 2022, at a distance of about 56 million miles (0.6 AU, or 90 million km). Today, at 1:17 p.m. EST, NASAs James Webb Space Telescope completed all of its large-scale deployments with the extension and latching of its starboard primary mirror wing. L1, L2, and L3 are meta-stable locations with saddle-shaped gravity gradients, like a point on the middle of a ridgeline between two slightly higher peaks wherein it is the low, stable point between the two peaks, but it is still a high, unstable point relative to the valleys on either side of the ridge. The timeline will be updated as major deployments resume. Mounting thrusters on the telescope as a way to direct braking thrust was infeasible for a number of reasons and was never a design option. The mission operations teams next major step is to turn off instrument heaters. Moore Boeck. Webb would have to do a significant braking maneuver by thrusting toward the Sun to slow down. We are now ready to align mirrors and commission instruments and have already proven that all the hardware associated with the optics (including 132 actuators) is working beautifully. 3 - Charon, NASA's Dawn Spacecraft Flight Over Occator Crater, Venus' Squishy' Outer Shell May Be Resurfacing the Planet, NASA Administrator Selects New Head of Science, Poem by U.S. $('body').css('overflow','') Mars will continue to brighten and climb higher over the next few months, where it'll have super-close conjunctions with Saturn and Jupiter, which we'll tell you about in future videos, so stay tuned! console.log("Toggling fullscreen", $('.webgl_module_container').length) setTimeout(function(){ An update on findings from Cassini's latest flyby of Saturn's largest moon, Titan. This week, we have started the process of moving the mirror segments (all primary plus secondary) out of their stowed launch positions. So catch Jupiter before it's gone. $full.find('iframe').css({'height': h, 'width': w, 'min-width': '', 'max-width': ''}) As Bob King pointed out at Skyandtelescope.com in October 2021: Orbital calculations revealed that the object had spent the last 35,000 years wending its way sunward after reaching aphelion at the chilling distance of around 3,500 AU (3,500 times the distance between our Earth and sun). This will give the mirrors room to roam and let them be readied in their starting positions for alignment. Cassini mission planners created this animation to showcase Cassini's final 22 orbits - the mission's Grand Finale. that the Full Moon's angular size changes throughout the year Gamma Crucis, a yellowish giant star heads the . Look for the Summer Triangle, keep tabs on the morning planets and June 20 brings the solstice. From engineers to scientists to IT staff to graphic designers to administrative personnel (and more! center, with the dark expanse of the Coalsack nebula tucked under the The comet, named C/2022 E3 (ZTF), is currently passing through the inner solar system. Now that the action-packed deployment sequence is over, we are moving into a much slower, yet deliberate, phase of the commissioning process. To the Spot's right is Jupiter's moon, Europa, about . of our own Milky Way Galaxy. Hvis du nsker at tilpasse dine valg, skal du klikke p Administrer privatlivsindstillinger. The Space Coast's next high-profile mission, meanwhile, will be launched by a newcomer: Relativity Space is targeting no earlier than 1 p.m. Wednesday, March 8, for thefirst launch of its Terran rocketfrom Cape Canaveral Space Force Station's Launch Complex 16. function fullHeightWidthIframe(){ And courtesy of Nasa you can see just what was occurring elsewhere in the universe thanks to the Hubble Space Telescope, which has been snapping amazing pictures of the galaxies and skies around us since 1990. Engineers first commanded actuators 126 devices that will move and shape the primary mirror segments, and six devices that will position the secondary mirror to verify that all are working as expected after launch. Joining the pair in the southeastern sky will be Venus. I am so filled with pride for our team. var h = window.innerHeight And its near Venus, the brightest planet! These movements will take at least ten days, after which engineers can begin the three-month process of aligning the segments to perform as a single mirror. NASA and SpaceX previously tried to launch Crew-6 on Monday, Feb. 27, but an issue with the system that ignites the Falcon 9 rocket's Merlin main engines forced teams to stand down and troubleshoot. Authors & editors: In the center of this line of stars is one that looks kind of fuzzy. Stay up to date with all of NASA's missions to explore the solar system and beyond at nasa.gov. F mere at vide om, hvordan vi bruger dine personlige data, i vores fortrolighedspolitik og cookiepolitik. Watch live as NASA and SpaceX target 12:34 a.m. EST Thursday, March 2, for the launch of the Crew-6 mission from Florida's Kennedy Space Center with a team of three astronauts and a Russian cosmonaut. } The process will essentially create an image of 18 random, blurry points of light. Slow and steady does it, for all these gradual processes that get us every day a little bit closer to our ultimate goal of mirror alignment., Marshall Perrin, deputy telescope scientist, Space Telescope Science Institute. Have you ever seen a meteorite streaking across the sky? This animation shows the last 30 seconds of Cassini's X- and S-band radio signals as they disappeared from mission control on Sept. 15, 2017. Venus may be losing heat from geologic activity in regions called coronae, possibly like early tectonic activity on Earth. The calendar month, Solar heating and stored energy in the Earth's surface and atmosphere are near their lowest during winter, making the winter season the coldest of the year. Contact Emre Kelly at aekelly@floridatoday.com. ET, July 12, 2022 NASA released the 1st Webb Telescope image yesterday and . for south pole star TEA-TEB ignites on contact with air, allowing the Merlin engines to fire and produce up to 1.7 million pounds of thrust. This video details the spacecraft's approach and orbit insertion. A service of: In fact, NASA stops communicating with our spacecraft at Mars for about 2 weeks every two years, when the planet is directly opposite the Sun. (There's a short period, though, in April and May when you might be able to spot Mercury as it pops briefly above the horizon.). Because it is an ideal location for an infrared observatory. Utilizing thrust every three weeks or so from small rocket engines aboard Webb will keep it orbiting L2, looping around it in a halo orbit once every six months. Is it possible to observe this comets motion. Analog to Polaris the north pole star, Jupiter makes its exit, Venus at peak brightness, and the star-forming cloud next door. During the past month, JWST has achieved amazing success and is a tribute to all the folks who spent many years and even decades to ensure mission success, said Bill Ochs, Webb project manager at NASAs Goddard Space Flight Center. January begins with a new moon on the 2nd. I'm Preston Dyches from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and that's What's Up for this month. For the latest, visitfloridatoday.com/launchschedule. Design & Development: The Sun as seen in multiple wavelengths of light by NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory over four days in August 2018. Phil Davis Just like the ball, Webb is slowing down, and, if we allowed it, would eventually stop and fall back towards Earth. While all Lagrange points are gravitational balance points, not all are completely stable. The process of telescope alignment will take approximately three months., Erin Wolf, James Webb Space Telescope Program Manager, Ball Aerospace. It's visible to the unaided eye under relatively dark skies, and is easily seen with binoculars as a faint haze. At full speed, it takes about a day to move all the segments by just 1 millimeter. fullHeightWidthIframe() Your California Privacy Rights/Privacy Policy. fullHeightWidthIframe() For more details, here is Marshall Perrin from the Space Telescope Science Institute, home of the Webb Mission Operations Center: To support the movable mirrors during the ride to space, each of them has on its back three rigid metal pegs which can nestle into matching holder sockets in the telescope structure. Now were using those same actuators instead to move over a centimeter. Then compare the telescopic view five or 10 minutes later to detect the comets motion. For example, searching for January 1 will bring up an image of Galaxy Leo IV one of a dozen dwarf galaxies near the Milky Way which was taken in 2012. They are a testament to the hard work and expertise of the international Webb team. What's Up for January? Robert Nemiroff // console.log("received message", event) The mirror control system is designed to operate only one actuator at a time. Use this tool to see the current Moon phase and to plan ahead for other Moon views. $('.webgl_module_container iframe').css({'height': "", 'width': '1px', 'max-width': '100%', 'min-width': '100%'}) Social Media Lead: A service of: Jerry Bonnell (UMCP) "It was a great call and a good learning opportunity for the crew and I think for the teams.". This will likely affect the full timeline for Webbs deployment. The object's name is displayed by hovering over its encounter date. The history-making Viking 1 mission launched 35 years ago. Then share the results with your friends on social media using #Hubble30. Ordinary 735 or 1050 binoculars from a discount store will surely show it to you (if your sky is dark). Something went wrong while submitting the form. Comet Leonard will round the sun at perihelion on January 3, 2022, at a distance of about 56 million miles (0.6 AU, or 90 million km). Then five months of commissioning will include 1) further cooling of the entire observatory, and of the Mid-Infrared Instrument in particular, 2) checking and then aligning the secondary and 18 mirror segments into a single coherent optical system, first with the NIRCam instrument and then with all instruments individually and in parallel, and 3) calibrating of each of the four instruments and their many scientific modes. NASA astronaut Raja Chari, who flew the Crew-3 mission in November 2021, said during the agency's broadcast the issue was narrowed down to oxidation of lines that carry TEA-TEB, or triethylaluminium and triethylborane, to the pad. She has won a galaxy of awards from the broadcasting and science communities, including having an asteroid named 3505 Byrd in her honor. is easy to spot in star trail images of the southern sky. the South Celestial Pole is somewhere near the middle though, Its about the same speed at which grass grows! NASA projects that the. In the next two weeks, we will move each of the 18 primary mirror segments, and the secondary mirror, out of their launch positions. console.log("Toggling fullscreen", $('.webgl_module_container').length) The solar-powered lander has run out of energy after more than four years of science on the Red Planet. Across the top of the frame are the stars and nebulae along the plane When NIRCam reaches 120 kelvins (approximately -244 degrees Fahrenheit, or -153 degrees Celsius), Webbs optics team will be ready to begin meticulously moving the 18 primary mirror segments to form a single mirror surface. Credit: NASA. Its traveling at 158,084 miles per hour (254,412 km/h or 70.67 km/second) relative to Earth. The dashboard displays the next five Earth approaches to within 4.6 million miles (7.5 million kilometers or 19.5 times the distance to the moon); an object larger than about 150 meters that can approach the Earth to within this distance is termed a potentially hazardous object. Following Webbs arrival at its orbital destination around Lagrange Point 2 (L2) on Jan. 24, the mission operations team began working its way through a critical series of steps: powering on all the science instruments, turning off heaters to begin a long cooldown process, and ultimately capturing the first photons on Webbs primary camera to enable a months-long alignment of the telescope. As part of this effort, the motors made over a million revolutions this week, controlled through 20 cryogenic electronics boxes on the telescope. streching about 60 degrees across deep southern skies function toggleFullscreenMessage(){ Toss a note in a bottle and hope that it helps Your email address will only be used for EarthSky content. Poet Laureate Ada Limn Will Ride to Europa on NASA Spacecraft, NASA Retires InSight Mars Lander Mission After Years of Science, 40-Year Study Finds Mysterious Patterns in Temperatures at Jupiter, Juno Explores Jovian Moons During Extended Mission. Webb, welcome home! said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. } The team also turned on the High-Gain Antenna, enabling downlink to Earth through the Deep Space Network using the Ka radio band. Your submission has been received! Webbs orbit will allow it a wide view of the cosmos at any given moment, as well as the opportunity for its telescope optics and scientific instruments to get cold enough to function and perform optimal science. We heard on December 15, and again around December 19-20, that the comet had brightened more than expected. Taken with the same camera and lens the stripes are from Full Moon APOD: 2022 January 1 - The Full Moon of 2021 Astronomy Picture of the Day Discover the cosmos! A stunning image . For more on these and other stories, follow us on the web at nasa.gov/twan. Like planets, comets do move in front of the star background. For insight on what to expect in the months ahead and how to follow along, we hear from Alexandra Lockwood, project scientist for Webb science communications at the Space Telescope Science Institute: Words cant describe the pride and excitement the Webb team is feeling right now. January 18, 2022 / 7:47 AM / CBS News An asteroid that is wider than the tallest building in the world is set to make one of its closest encounters with Earth. The Ka-band and the High-Gain Antenna will eventually allow the observatory to send all of the science images and data down to the ground for astronomers around the world to analyze and make discoveries. The heaters were necessary to keep critical optics warm to prevent the risk of water and ice condensation. In the meantime, there are several smaller deployments in the next couple of weeks, which constitute the beginning of a several-month phase of aligning the telescopes optics. The 18 radius of curvature (ROC) actuators were moved from their launch position as well. ET Friday. Order now. Just look Once Jupiter departs at the end of February, the post-sunset sky will be essentially devoid of naked-eye planets until August, when Saturn will start rising in the east around sunset. NASA astronauts Stephen Bowen and Warren Hoburg, the United Arab Emirates' Sultan Alneyadi, and Russian cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev will launch in a . Privacy Policy and Important Notices. The James Webb Space Telescope is the worlds largest, most powerful, and most complex space science telescope ever built. Is it having outbursts as it nears its closest point to the sun in January? the year progresses in stripes beginning at the top. a full moon name, distance in kilometers, and angular Using six motors that deploy each segment approximately half the length of a paper clip, these actuators clear the mirrors from their launch restraints and give each segment enough space to later be adjusted in other directions to the optical starting position for the upcoming wavefront alignment process. In what will be SpaceX's third flight of 2022, the company is set to loft 49 Starlink satellites into space on a Falcon 9 rocket from NASA's Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center in. But rest assured that this summer will sizzle with the hot (nay cold?) the galactic plane near the right edge. NationalAeronautics and SpaceAdministration, Following Webbs Arrival at L2, Telescope Commissioning Set to Begin, The Webb Team Looks Back on Successful Deployments, Orbital Insertion Burn a Success, Webb Arrives at L2, the second Sun-Earth Lagrange point, or L2, access nearly half the sky at any given moment, moving the observatorys individual mirror segments, Webb Begins Its Months-Long Mirror Alignment, Following the Next Steps in Webbs Journey, Primary Mirror Wings Deployed, All Major Deployments Complete, Starboard Primary Mirror Wing Deployment Underway, Webb Observes a Globular Cluster Sparkling with Separate Stars, Breaking the Tracking Speed Limit With Webb, Webb Spies Chariklo Ring System With High-Precision Technique, Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph Operations Update.
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